Glioma – The Common Brain Tumour

Gliomas are the most common type of primary brain tumors, formed by the proliferation and accumulation of abnormal glial cells, which support nerve cells in the brain. These tumors can arise due to genetic conditions like neurofibromatosis or exposure to radiation. Gliomas are classified into astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas, and mixed gliomas. They range from low-grade, slow-growing tumors to high-grade, aggressive malignancies. The symptoms and severity of gliomas depend on their location in the brain and their growth rate.

At Hannah Joseph Hospital, we specialize in diagnosing and treating gliomas with state-of-the-art technology and a team of experienced specialists. We are dedicated to providing comprehensive care and support to our patients throughout their treatment journey.

Symptoms of Gliomas

The symptoms of gliomas vary based on their location and grade. Common symptoms include:

– Seizures: Often the first sign of a low-grade glioma, seizures can occur without any other neurological deficits.

– Weakness or Numbness: Gradual weakness or numbness affecting one side of the body can indicate a low-grade glioma.

– Headaches: Severe headaches, often worse in the morning or exacerbated by coughing, straining, or bending forward, are common in high-grade gliomas.

– Nausea and Vomiting: These symptoms often accompany headaches in high-grade gliomas.

– Neurological Deficits: High-grade gliomas can cause giddiness, blurring of vision, difficulty swallowing and chewing, and sometimes deafness, especially if they affect the brain stem or cranial nerves.

Diagnosis at Hannah Joseph Hospital

Accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment. At Hannah Joseph Hospital, we use advanced imaging techniques to diagnose gliomas:

– CT Scan or MRI with Contrast: These imaging techniques reveal the tumor mass and its location. Contrast studies help determine the glioma’s grade.

– MR Angiogram (MRA): MRA helps assess the tumor’s vascularity and proximity to blood vessels.

– PET Scan: PET scans show hypometabolism in the affected brain areas, providing additional diagnostic information.

Treatment Options

Treatment for gliomas at Hannah Joseph Hospital is tailored to the individual patient, considering the tumor’s type, location, and grade. Treatment options include:

Medical Management

– Steroids: Used to reduce brain edema in high-grade gliomas, providing symptomatic relief from headaches and other symptoms.

– Anticonvulsants: These medications prevent seizures and are often required for life.

Surgical Intervention

Surgery is a primary treatment for gliomas, with the goal of removing as much of the tumor as possible while minimizing damage to surrounding brain tissue. Techniques include:

– Biopsy: Essential for diagnosis, especially in deep-seated gliomas.

– Microsurgery and Endoscopic-Assisted Surgery: These techniques, often performed with intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring, aim to minimize damage to vital neural structures.

– Shunt Surgery: A ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt may be necessary for patients with secondary hydrocephalus due to gliomas obstructing cerebrospinal fluid pathways.

Radiation and Chemotherapy

For high-grade gliomas like glioblastoma and anaplastic astrocytoma, radiation therapy and chemotherapy are critical. These treatments help control tumor growth and improve symptoms. Stereotactic biopsy is often used to guide these treatments for deep-seated gliomas.

Emerging Treatments

At Hannah Joseph Hospital, we are also exploring newer treatments like immunotherapy, which has shown promise in clinical trials. These innovative approaches aim to improve outcomes and extend survival for patients with high-grade gliomas.

Prognosis and Outcome

The prognosis for glioma patients depends on the tumor’s grade and the timeliness of diagnosis and treatment. Low-grade gliomas generally offer a better outcome and longer survival times. In contrast, high-grade gliomas have a more guarded prognosis, with shorter survival times despite aggressive treatment.

Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are key to improving outcomes. At Hannah Joseph Hospital, our dedicated team of specialists works tirelessly to provide the best possible care, ensuring that each patient receives personalized treatment tailored to their specific needs.

Trust Hannah Joseph Hospital for Expert Care

Gliomas are serious brain tumors that require expert diagnosis and treatment. At Hannah Joseph Hospital, we are committed to providing comprehensive, compassionate care to our patients. Our multidisciplinary team uses advanced technology and innovative treatments to offer the best possible outcomes.

If you or a loved one is experiencing symptoms of a glioma, contact Hannah Joseph Hospital today. Our team is here to support you every step of the way, providing expert care and a path to recovery. Your health is our priority, and we are dedicated to helping you achieve the best possible outcome.